[for second week of PrepCom 2]
[Editorial Note:
This online document incorporates the revised version of Section K per
“Add.1: Revised List of Issues and Proposals for Discussion Related to Section
K”, released 04/02/02.]
This list of issues and proposals for actions has been prepared on the basis of discussion held during the last week, including the multi-stakeholder dialogues. The primary purpose of the list is to facilitate deliberations during the interactive discussion groups which will be held on 4 and 5 February.
Delegates may wish to focus initially on those proposals appearing in bold type at the beginning of each cluster in order to specify clear targets, timetables, monitoring arrangements, coordination and implementation mechanisms, innovative procedures for involving partners, and arrangements for systematic and predictable funding and technology transfer that may be required to launch these initiatives.
Participants in the discussion groups are not expected to negotiate but to make brief comments on the proposals for actions and commitments, key issues, clustering and structure of the list in order to guide the Chairman in the preparation of the report that he has to submit to the Preparatory Committee on Thursday, 7 February 2002.
Each discussion group will be assigned a set of clusters from this list. Distribution of the clusters between the two discussion groups will be announced by the Chairman on Monday morning, 4 February.
The Summit should strongly reaffirm commitment to the Rio principles and to the full implementation of Agenda 21 and other outcomes of UNCED.
The Summit should recognize that peace, security and stability are essential for achieving sustainable development and ensure that sustainable development benefits all.
1. Launch development of a global multi-lateral framework agreement on public access to information and participation in decision-making, drawing on existing experience, such as the Aarhus Convention, and several regional initiatives designed to implement Principle 10 of Rio Declaration.
2. Launch negotiations for a multi-lateral agreement on global corporate accountability.
3. Remove trade-distorting subsidies and provide full and predictable access of products and services of developing countries to all markets of developed countries, as soon as possible, but not later than 2005, in particular in sectors in which developing countries have competitive advantage, such as the agricultural and textile sectors as well as for goods produced by small producers in the least developed countries.
4. Eliminate all exceptions to duty-free and quota-free treatment for exports from LDCs. Assist developing countries, in particular LDCs, in their efforts to fully integrate into the world trade system and participate effectively in multilateral trade negotiations and promote the implementation of the Brussels Programme of Action for LDCs for the decade 2000-2010.
5. Ensure the universality of the WTO, as well as transparent, non-discriminatory, equitable and predictable conduct of proceedings in the WTO and the full participation of developing countries, including least developed countries, Small Island developing States and countries with economies in transition, in trade negotiations and decision-making.
6. Assist developing countries in narrowing the digital divide and in harnessing the potential of new information and communication technologies (ICTs) for development. In particular, producers should be assisted in using ICTs to gain access to international markets for inputs and outputs.
7. Promote coordinated macroeconomic policy management at both national and international levels, responsive to the concerns over globalization and sustainable development.
8. Promote implementation of the Doha Development Agenda and the opportunity it offers for the WTO to play a fuller role in making globalization work for sustainable development, including identifying measures to support and complement this Agenda and in keeping the needs and interests of developing countries at the heart of the WTO work programme.
9. Promote public private partnerships and voluntary initiatives by which economic actors, particularly multinational companies are supported and encouraged to assume their social, environmental and economic responsibilities in developing countries. This could include the development of assessment procedures to support the achievement of this goal.
10. Promote a strengthened WTO to ensure that it provides an institutional framework for the realization of an unbiased, rule-based and non-discriminatory international trading system.
1. Launch a global private/public partnership to develop and disseminate safe and affordable technologies for agricultural productivity enhancement and ecological management, particularly for ecologically stressed areas with endemic poverty.
2. Launch a global initiative to reverse the declining trend in public sector finance for agricultural research and for sustainable agriculture and rural development.
3. Launch a literacy campaign to reduce the percentage of illiteracy, with major emphasis on women.
4. Launch programmes to improve access by the poor to land and water resources and other agricultural inputs and provide assistance for affordable and efficient irrigation systems
5. Launch programmes to enhance productivity of land and water resources in agriculture, forestry, artisanal fisheries, etc., especially through community-based approaches.
6. Fight HIV/AIDS as an integral part of all national poverty reduction, sustainable development and economic growth strategies, building and sustaining a multi-sectoral response to HIV/AIDS that is in every way equal to the epidemic itself.
7. Promote rural development through land tenure modifications that recognise and protect indigenous and common property resource management systems.
8. Increase food availability in areas where it is produced, thus reducing transport costs and excessive dependence on international markets.
9. Extend secure tenure to the urban poor as a key element in improving access to shelter and basic social services, creating private capital, and increasing employment, credit and income opportunities.
10. Promote more comprehensive rural education and extension programmes, directed particularly at the rural poor.
11. Strengthen rural infrastructure and credit systems for the rural poor.
12. Develop multi-stakeholder approaches and public-private cooperation to improve outreach in basic agricultural techniques and knowledge to smallholder farmers and the rural poor.
13. Promote achievement of the poverty reduction goal of the Millennium Declaration. This would include enhancing access to basic health services, sustainable rural development, agricultural development and food security, greater access to safe water and sanitation, reducing the vulnerability of people to natural disasters and environmental risks, rehabilitation and restoration of degraded land and combating desertification.
14. Enhance international cooperation to combat illicit crops taking into account their negative social, economic and environmental impacts.
15. Promote steps to furnish local poor communities with sufficient political, legal and financial power to initiate and enable real social and environmental changes.
16. Provide adequate support for post-conflict rehabilitation and reconstruction and for combating illicit proliferation of small arms, light weapons and landmines, particularly in Africa.
17. Minimize the impact of economic sanctions on the activities of developing countries to achieve sustainable development.
1. Adopt policies and measures by developed countries aimed at changing unsustainable patterns of production and consumption via technological, trade and educational policies which, inter alia: (a) raise consumer awareness of the importance of sustainable production and consumption patterns; (b) improve the role of the media and other public information tools; (c) assist small and medium-sized companies as well as to provide incentives to industry and publicly funded research and development institutions; (d) assist small and medium-sized companies to enhance industrial productivity and competitiveness; and, (e) enhance corporate responsibility and accountability.
2. Use economic instruments and market incentives, such as taxes, government procurement, pricing of natural resources, and permit trading schemes, to promote a shift toward more sustainable consumption and production.
3. Eliminate subsidies that encourage unsustainable consumption and production patterns.
4. Establish and support national cleaner production centers to assist enterprises, especially small and medium enterprises, to identify, acquire, adapt and integrate technologies that improve productivity, reduce pollution and conserve natural resources.
5.
Provide incentives to industry and publicly funded research and development
institutions to engage in strategic alliances in order to enhance research and
development of cleaner production technologies and accelerate the commercialization
and diffusion of those technologies.
6. Encourage industry to adopt voluntary initiatives, including certification, such as ISO 14000.
7. Design, finance and implement solid waste management strategies, with a strong focus on waste minimization and recycling.
8. Provide international support for incentives for small-scale waste recycling initiatives in developing countries, which could contribute to urban waste management and generate income opportunities.
9. Assist small and medium-sized companies in developing countries and economies in transition, through information and training programmes, to grasp the business opportunities arising from increasing consumer awareness of sustainable consumption.
10. Improve the role of media and other public information tools in raising consumer awareness on issues related to sustainable consumption and production, in particular on “green” products and services.
11. Promote a four-fold increase in energy and resource efficiency in developed countries in the next two or three decades and a possible ten-fold increase in resource efficiency in developed countries in the long term. As energy-efficient techniques are proven, promote their transfer to developing countries.
12. Promote corporate responsibility and accountability through initiatives such as the Global Compact and the Global Reporting Initiative, and tools such as environmental management accounting and environmental reporting.
13. Promote product eco-design, eco-labeling and other transparent, verifiable and non-discriminatory consumer information tools, ensuring that they are not used as disguised trade barriers.
14. Promote regional, cultural and spiritual values in carrying out sustainable development initiatives.
1. Launch a global initiative for the provision of financial and technical assistance to developing countries and economies in transition for the phasing out of lead in gasoline and the reduction of sulphur and benzene in fuels and particulates in vehicle exhaust to reduce health impacts.
2. Launch regional programmes to improve indoor air quality through, inter alia, improved cookstoves and replacing traditional biomass fuels and coal with affordable clean fuels.
3. Launch a public/private partnership for the development and dissemination of technologies for sanitation and waste management for rural and urban areas in developing countries.
4. Maintain the chemical and biological quality of water resources at acceptable standards.
5. Apply international food and animal husbandry safety standards and guidelines in line with the FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission.
6. Reduce respiratory diseases caused by poor air quality and to strengthen measures aimed at problems that go beyond national borders such as air pollution.
7. More fully utilize the workplace as the basis for tackling public health problems such as HIV/AIDS.
8. Promote full access for poor people and urban slum dwellers to safe and affordable water and adequate sanitation services in developing countries by 2012.
9. Promote the integration of environmental health concerns in the implementation of GAP support.
10. Undertake steps to strengthen the capacity of health systems to deliver basic health interventions and the role of these systems in environmental health.
11. Promote the eradication of threats to health such as dingue fever, malaria and other non-communicable diseases in an environmentally sound way by 2020.
1. Launch a global alliance on renewable energy and efficient clean conventional energy technologies to provide by 2015 energy services to half of the two billion people, mostly in rural and remote areas in developing countries, who currently have no access to modern energy services.
2. Launch a global partnership for financing energy for sustainable development (notably for renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies) and for sharing clean energy technologies at the global level as proposed in the recommendations of the Delhi Roundtable on Energy for Sustainable Development.
3. Launch a global initiative to encourage the use of natural gas, especially in urban areas of developing countries.
4. Launch a work programme to move the world’s energy systems towards greater sustainability with a focus on improving access to energy services in rural and peri-urban areas, by intensifying regional and international cooperation to enhance energy efficiency and ensure continued development and deployment of cleaner and more efficient fossil fuel technologies and increase the contribution of renewable energy to the overall energy mix.
5. Launch a mechanism by the international community to provide financial assistance in the development of needed infrastructure in developing countries.
6. Launch a global initiative to promote investment in the development of mass public transport systems in developing countries.
7. Launch global initiative for lead-free fuels by commitment of the international community to provide technical, technological and financial assistance to developing countries.
8. Develop and disseminating renewable energy technologies to increase the share of renewable energy in energy production and consumption and accelerate the development, diffusion and use of energy-efficient technologies.
9. Increase in all countries the use of renewable energy sources up to 5% of their total energy use by 2010.
10. Provide state of the art technology (knowledge, equipment and material) on energy efficiency and energy conservation to developing countries, in particular to developing countries that are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and the impacts of response measures to climate change before the termination of the first commitment period of Annex-B countries of Kyoto Protocol.
11. Adopt policies that reduce market distortions, including restructuring taxation and phasing out of harmful subsidies where they exist to reflect their carbon content and its environmental impacts (demonstration of the substantial progress in this area before the termination of the first commitment period of Annex-B countries of the Kyoto Protocol).
12. Provide affordable, accessible, cost-effective, safe and environmentally sound ODS alternatives to developing countries before 2010.
13. Implement transport strategies reflecting specific national and local conditions, so as to improve the efficiency and convenience of transportation as well as improving urban air quality and public health.
14. Promote financial and technological support by the international community to implement the recommendations and conclusions of CSD 9 on energy for sustainable development
15. Promote innovative energy financing arrangements in rural areas, including micro-finance, revolving funds, cooperative arrangements and incentives in the form of licensing agreements.
16. Promote cooperation between major oil consuming and producing countries to reduce supply and demand instabilities on international markets.
17. Reinforce the mechanism established in the Vienna convention and the Montreal Protocol for the protection of the Ozone Layer.
18. Ratification by all countries of the Kyoto Protocol by 2002 to ensure its entry into force prior to the World Summit on Sustainable Development.
19. Support the initiative of the Arctic Council to assess the environmental, social and economic consequences of climate change on the Arctic and, in particular, on the indigenous peoples living there.
1. Elaborate a framework of principles for global stewardship to protect all ecosystems while meeting social and economic needs and aspirations, based on the ecosystem approach, as defined by the CBD.
2. Elaborate an effective, transparent and predictable framework for access to genetic resources and the sharing of benefits arising from their use and encourage the competent international bodies, such as CBD and WIPO, to develop policies to ensure that these goals, including the study of issues such as the disclosure of the country or origin of genetic resources in applications for intellectual property rights are realized.
3. Launch a process to define intellectual property rights relating to biological resources in order to ensure that benefits derived from the use of genetic material are equitably shared with local peoples.
4. Launch national and international regulatory schemes and programmes to halt the loss of biodiversity and ensure benefit sharing from the use biodiversity and to prevent bio-piracy.
5. Launch a strategy for the sustainable development of mountain ecosystems, taking into account the spirit of the International Year of Mountains, 2002, in particular, the encouragement of comprehensive management approaches in accordance with the fragility of these ecosystems.
6. Elaborate a liability regime for any damage, which results either directly or indirectly from the transboundary movement of hazardous waste and radioactive materials through the national territory of an affected country.
7. Launch a special global fund to assist vulnerable countries in adaptation to climate change and rehabilitation of communities following natural disasters related to the increasing number and intensity of storms.
8. Ratification by all states of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and to ensure its implementation and enforcement.
9. Improve, adopt and use indicators and data on land degradation and land improvement in order to assess and manage those processes and their impacts.
10. Integrate agriculture with other aspects of land management and ecosystem conservation in order to promote both environmental sustainability and agricultural production.
11. Improve policies and laws to allow for a more systematic approach to sustainable mountain development, addressing issues such as property rights, economic incentives, political empowerment and preservation of cultural heritage in an integrated manner.
12. Manage man-made and natural disaster risks with an emphasis on pre-disaster preparedness, mitigation, vulnerability assessments, adaptation strategies and other measures to reduce human and economic losses.
13. Promote an integrated approach to the sustainable use, conservation and management of natural resources, including forest, fisheries, minerals and metals, energy and biodiversity, complemented by maintaining a network of protected areas.
14. Promote achievement of the international development target of reversing the current trend in loss of biodiversity resources at global and national levels by 2015 and establish a framework of principles for global stewardship to protect all ecosystems while meeting social and economic needs and aspirations.
15. Support FAO in taking the steps required to implement the Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources, including the provision of adequate financial resources to this end.
16. Enhance cooperation, coordination, and synergies among international organizations and instruments related to forests, in the framework of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests (CPF).
17. Intensify collective efforts for the management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests as well as international cooperation for sustainable forest management, and implementation of the UNFF’s plan of action in particular on rehabilitation and restoration of degraded lands and forests by 2005.
18. Promote accountable, responsible and innovative partnerships and cooperation among all relevant sectors in areas such as mining, land ownership, resource management, production and consumption behavior, monitoring corporate activity, and corruption.
19. Support the Bahia Declaration adopted by the Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety at Forum III, held in Slvador, Brazil in 2000 and promote the close cooperation and partnership between the IFCS, the IOMC and UNEP.
20. Promote the rapid ratification, implementation and enforcement of the existing chemicals instruments, including the Basel, PIC and POPs conventions and their related amendments.
21. Promote partnerships and practical steps with industry to avoid and eliminate harmful and hazardous chemical substances and wastes.
22. Promote a coherent, comprehensive, efficient and effective institutional regime in the area of wastes and waste management.
23. Encourage the dissemination of scientific knowledge for effective natural disaster mitigation and managing natural resources management.
24. Strengthen co-operation among countries to carry out measures for natural disaster prevention and mitigation, in areas such as early warning systems and joint research projects.
25. Improve housing infrastructure and urban and peri-urban planning to reduce the vulnerability of the poor to natural disasters
1. Launch international programmes and initiatives to assist countries in maintaining fragile environments in a pristine way for providing clean water for downstream benefits.
2. Launch innovative forms of partnerships between national and international private firms, cooperative societies, and governmental and non-governmental organizations for improving efficient and equitable delivery of water resources to users.
3. Adopt better governance arrangements, public and private partnerships, mobilizing financial resources for infrastructure and services, partnerships for capacity building and sharing technology and knowledge, consistent with the recommendations of the International Conference on Freshwater in Bonn, Germany, December 2001.
4. Support regional co-operation initiatives undertaken by states on international water courses and strengthen multilateral cooperation in the sustainable management of natural resources, including land and water resources.
5. Develop integrated water resource management plans by 2005 including national targets to improve equity and efficiency in the use of water resources, taking into account, in allocating water resources, a balance of competing demands including those of ecosystem maintenance as well as the social, environmental and economic values of water. This would include incorporating biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of other resources, such as soils, forests, wetlands and mountains within a river basin and watershed management approach.
6. Enact and enforce water legislation and strengthen local water management and service capacities.
7. Undertake action on monitoring and assessment of water resources quantity and quality in follow-up to WSSD.
8. Provide incentives for agricultural enterprises to monitor water use and quality and to improve efficiency and reduce pollution.
9. Improve access to and efficient use of water at the community, watershed and river basin level.
10. Promote the Millennium goals related to freshwater supply and sanitation including well specified time bound measures and sources of finance and technology to support countries in their efforts to achieve these goals.
11. Promote regional co-operation initiatives undertaken by states on international water courses and strengthen multilateral cooperation in the sustainable management of natural resources, including land and water resources.
12. Provide development assistance and technical cooperation to build capacities for sustainable water management, distribution and use, and help local and regional institutions to develop their own solutions and models.
13. Expand countries’ capacities to reduce the effects of floods and droughts through better risk and water management, and through better collaboration among organizations that deal with disasters and water management.
1. Launch special financial mechanisms or instruments to assist developing States, in particular the least developed States and small island developing States, to enable them to develop their national capacity for the sustainable management and use of fishery resources.
2. Launch a global partnership by 2003 for the implementation of the global programme of action for the protection of the marine environment from land-based activities at the national and regional levels..
3. Launch regional strategies containing medium and long-term actions and early warning systems to prevent and respond to emergencies deriving from the El Nino phenomenon.
4. Improve the management of marine and coastal protected areas and increase their number, since protected reserves, or “no-take areas,” have been shown to increase the diversity and productivity of marine organisms.
5. Resolve issues of IUU fishing and over-capacity of fishing vessels, including the elimination of harmful subsidies that contribute to over capacity and increase efforts to implement the FAO Compliance Agreement and Plans of Action.
6. Use environmental impact assessment techniques more extensively at the regional level for projects that may be potentially harmful to the marine environment and its living resources.
7. Assess the vulnerability and quantify the progress made towards sustainable development of all developing countries, and development of a core set of data on the vulnerability index for all developing countries.
8. Promote full and immediate implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action with the help of the international community and the outcomes of the twenty-second special session of the General Assembly and the comprehensive review of the BPOA at a second UN Conference in 2004.
9. Support full implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities, which is currently hampered by lack of funding and the need for large investments to address land-based sources of pollution.
10. Support and advance the specific actions included in the “Montreal Declaration” of the first Intergovernmental Review of the Global Programme of Action for the marine Environment to ensure the sustainability of the “global commons”
11. Strengthen of the General Assembly’s Consultative Process on oceans to improve the delivery of practical, integrated outcomes for the marine environment. This would include strengthening UN system-wide coordination and cooperation at the international and regional level through enhanced collaboration between and among bodies, programmes and processes
12. Promote responsible and sustainable fisheries in the context of the Reykjavik Declaration on Responsible Fisheries in the Marine Ecosystem, the FAO code of Conduct, the developing FAO technical guidelines for best practices and eco-system-based management considerations.
13. Support efforts to implement the guiding principles and rules contained in the UN Fish Stocks Agreement (UNFA).
14. Strengthen regional cooperation, including the Regional Seas Programmes, raise public awareness and create a framework for stewardship of the ocean environment, along with meeting social and economic needs and aspirations.
15. Promote the productivity and biodiversity of important and vulnerable ocean and coastal areas such as coral reefs, using a range of tools including the Marine Protected Areas, in light of the Jakarta Mandate.
16. Finalize and implement of the IMO conventions relating to vessel-based pollution, such as ballast water and harmful antifoulants.
17. Promote more effective cooperation in the area of oceans among UN organizations and between the UN and other international and regional bodies, including universities and scientific institutions.
18. Strengthen regional and sub-regional marine scientific research capacities to develop and transfer appropriate technologies concerning living and non-living marine resources.
19. Provide greater support to regional fisheries management organizations, including the recently-established Caribbean Regional Fisheries Management Programme.
20. Enhance the national capacity of developing coastal and island states to define and manage in a sustainable manner their Exclusive Economic Zones and to participate in regional managements initiatives.
1. Launch a trust fund to provide financial resources for the full implementation of Agenda 21.
2. Launch an initiative to promote incentives to the private sector to increase the flow of foreign capital to developing countries, particularly those that have not been able to attract such flows.
3. Reverse, as a matter of urgency, the downward trend in ODA, with developed countries committing themselves to reach the UN target of 0.7 per cent of GNP by 2010.
4. Realization of allocation of 0.15-0.20% of GNP of developed countries to LDCs, as reiterated by Brussels Programme of Action.
5. Promote mobilization of new and additional resources for financing sustainable development.
6. Promote substantial increase of resources to be provided to GEF during its next replenishment in October 2002.
7. Raise the effectiveness of ODA, through, for example, linking ODA to the implementation of the development goals, particularly the poverty-related goals, agreed in the Millennium Summit and other United Nations fora such as the Third United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries.
8. Create a domestic environment that attracts foreign capital, including sound financial institutions and financial and fiscal policies, secure property rights, financial accounting and reporting systems, and insurance markets.
9. Improve the lending policies of the international financial institutions and review their conditionalities.
10. Promote innovative sources of financing for sustainable development including the Tobin tax, payments for environmental services.
11. Improve the coordination of assistance of donor countries to developing countries and countries with economies in transition to ensure effective use of limited financial resources, in close cooperation with recipient countries.
12. Implement and further broadening of the HIPC Initiative, as a major step towards more stable financial governance.
13. Adopt innovative means of alleviating the debt burden, inter alia, through “debt for sustainable development,” arrangements.
14. Assist countries that possess ecosystems of global significance, taking into account the role such ecosystems play in the provision of global ecological services and their contribution to global ecosystem well-being.
1. Launch mechanisms for the development, transfer and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies to developing countries by 2004, including technical advisory and consultancy services, technology bank, marketing support, legal advice, research and development and laboratory facilities and services, assistance in project formulation and negotiation, and technology sourcing and match-making.
2. Launch global public/private partnerships for developing and disseminating affordable and environmentally sound technologies for productivity enhancement.
3. Launch a mechanism to deal with patent issues pertaining to the transfer of biotechnologies to developing countries.
4. Launch an initiative to develop and strengthen the net-working of related institutional support structures, including information systems, technology centres, and research and development institutions to promote greater transfer of environmentally sound technologies to developing countries.
5. Launch a process to provide incentives to larger companies and transnational corporations to facilitate access of SMEs to environmentally sound technologies, for example by including and supporting them in production and supply chains.
6. Launch an international initiative to create a technology and scientific network.
7. Implement programmes of assistance to enhance industrial productivity and competitiveness in developing countries and economies in transition, particularly in industries with high employment potential and/or substantial environmental impact.
8. Provide developing countries with access to publicly owned environmentally sound technologies.
1. Launch partnerships and a “banking system” for a global capacity building initiative, that would be delivered through effective regional and sub-regional institutions, to respond to both immediate and long-term needs of peoples in developing countries.
2. Launch a capacity-building framework, which adopts an integrated and participatory approach, that nurtures individual to society well-being, and encourages and empowers people to take ownership of the processes that affect them.
3. Launch a tripartite mechanism to link countries that have hardware capabilities, software competence, and the need to use ICT technologies, the world over.
4. Launch information and communication technologies (ICT) to connect, in a cost-effective manner, the SIDS populations to the rest of the world so as to maximize economic benefits to them.
5. Launch a programme of international support, including mobilization of financial resources for regional centers of excellence that would contribute to the development of the knowledge capacity of developing countries.
6. Allocate at least 20% of ODA to sustainable development education and to sustainable development initiatives for young people while integrating sustainable development into all education programs.
7. The empowerment of women and girls by improving access to education, training and capacity building as well as through their control over and access to productive resources.
8. Improve programmes at school and in the private sector, as well as in-situ experience-oriented education.
9. Advance formal and informal education and awareness related to sustainable development, in order to catalyse the value shift necessary to bring about behavioural change.
10. Develop programmes for capacity building that are based not only on public investment, but also on generating growth within communities and the private sector that relate to job creation and diversity of industries
11. Promote science and technology to ensure that it integrates the three pillars of sustainable development using participatory approaches involving relevant stakeholders with emphasis on the mainstreaming of gender and using gender-disaggregated data.
12. Build greater capacity in science and technology through improved collaboration among research institutions, the private sector and governments, and facilitate improved collaboration and partnerships between and among scientists, governments and all stakeholders on research and development (R&D) and its widespread application.
13. Strengthen regional education, research and developmental institutions in developing countries.
14. Promote social development programmes that overcome illiteracy, especially in developing countries, and ensure universal literacy.
15. Strengthen international cooperation, including developing partnerships, and support to provide technical assistance and support to capacity-building efforts in areas of trade, environment, and health in developing countries and countries in transition.
16. Strengthen national and regional statistical and analytical services and encourage donor support for programmes of excellence in the field of information technology.
17. Use national level indicators of sustainable development in the context of national assessments for monitoring the attainment of sustainable development goals.
1. Launch new and extensive programmes for capacity building, technology transfer and financing sustainable development, especially in the areas of poverty, hunger, health, environmental protection and resource management.
2. Launch an initiative to double agricultural production in Africa within fives years through the provision of new and additional financial resources.
3. Launch new measures for securing affordable access by African countries to appropriate and environmentally sound technologies.
4. Launch improved and expanded public transport systems for African countries
5. Launch mechanisms to ensure timely and effective implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in order to restore land for agriculture and address poverty deriving from land degradation.
6. Promote the development of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, with a special focus on agro-industry with direct participation of the communities involved.
7. Ensure adequate and predictable financial resources for implementation of UNCCD.
8. Strengthen regional cooperation among African Countries
9. Restructure international aid and establish appropriate and effective aid levels to reduce dependency, promote primary social development objectives, such as clean drinking water, basic literacy and health care, and reinforce efforts to make African economies more stable and competitive.
10. Provide new and additional financial resources.
11. Support the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD).
12. Promote adoption of UNCCD as a sustainable development convention and proclaim it as one of the primary tools for the eradication of poverty, particularly in Africa.
13. Designate the GEF as the principal financial mechanism of the UNCCD in its next assembly (October 2002) would be essential.
Note: In accordance with decisions taken at its first session, the Preparatory Committee would start consideration of ways of strengthening the institutional framework for sustainable development and evaluate and define the role and programme of work of the Commission on Sustainable Development at its third session (25 March-5 April 2002).
In light of the above, proposals listed below will not be discussed during the interactive discussion groups of the second session of the Preparatory Committee. These proposals, along with relevant proposals made by the UN Secretary-General in his reports E/CN.17/2001/PC/3 and E.CN.17/2002/PC.2/7 (Parts VI and VIII (Section J)), will be discussed during informal consultations organised by the Vice-Chairs of the PrepCom from Nigeria and Sweden (who were entrusted by the Bureau to take the lead in facilitating preparations for the third session of the PrepCom on institutional issues) on 7 February 2002 and who have earlier circulated to delegations a list questions on Ways of Strengthening the Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development and Evaluate and Define the Role and Programme of Work of the CSD.
1. Make a renewed and time-bound commitment to elaborate and implement national sustainable development strategies in all countries and encourage the UN system to assist developing countries and economies in transityion in this respect.
2. Encourage government agencies, NGOs and other major groups, including the private sector, who are developing sustainability strategies, to use the recently developed guidelines for national sustainable development strategies to evaluate and further develop their own strategies.
3. Encourage the UN system to assist developing countries and countries with economies in transition in respect of elaborating and implementing national sustainable development strategies.
4. Develop a manual on the development and implementation of sustainable development at the national level for launching at the WSSD.
5. Encourage and promote synergies, with due regard to their respective mandates, between the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, through various channels, to achieve sustainable development including eliminating poverty, addressing land degradation, desertification, access to water, food and human health.
6. An Implementation Committee for Agenda 21- which could have regional sub-committees, tasked, among other things, to be responsible for assessing countries’ national reports on the implementation of Agenda 21, and generating substantive recommendations.
7. Strengthen the system of international governance for sustainable development, such that an institutional mechanism is put in place with the capacity to facilitate the implementation of WSSD outcomes. In this regard, consider the need to strengthen the social dimension of global governance.
8. Undertake a substantive review of the whole institutional architecture related to sustainable development at the global, regional, national and local levels, and include the core bodies inside the UN such as the CSD, UNDP, UNEP as well as other subsidiary bodies of ECOSOC including the regional commissions, the follow-up to the Millennium Summit and Major UN conferences, financial institutions, etc.
9. Build adequate regulatory and judicial institutions and infrastructure to achieve sustainable development, including by enacting and fully, fairly and effectively implementing laws that ensure the protection of individual rights, including workers’ rights, social and economic development and the protection of the environment.
10. Ensure that governmental and judicial institutions are fair, transparent, non-discriminatory, accountable and free from corruption by taking actions to address corruption at all levels, including providing an independent and informed judiciary.
11. Encourage countries to take an active part in ongoing negotiations of the UN Convention Against Corruption.
12. Establish adequate legal regimes to protect intellectual property rights and to criminalize counterfeiting.
13. Establish training programmes on topics such as law enforcement techniques, judicial institutions and customs enforcement.
14. Establish equitable and efficient tax systems.
15. Promote laws for the prevention of misrepresentation in advertising.
16. Promote and respect internationally recognized human rights.
17. Promote transparency in the formulation, promulgation and implementation of rules, regulations and technical standards, promote independent regulatory systems and recommend standard business and management practices, including improved cost recovery mechanisms.
18. Establish institutions and regulations that promote open competition.
19. Create stable systems of access to and allocation of natural resources, acknowledging that natural resource management and the provision of services dependent of their use have costs and that these costs must be accounted for and allocated throughout society in a transparent and equitable manner sufficient to ensure sustainability.
20. Develop mechanisms to ensure the legal sourcing of natural resource products.
21. Provide transparent administrative and judicial proceedings, the right of judicial review and appeal of government decisions, and adequate remedies.
22. Develop and maintain effective legal systems, including strong and clear laws, appropriate consequences for noncompliance, well-developed infrastructure for compliance monitoring assistance and enforcement, and citizen participation in all of these elements.
23. Provide for non-discriminatory and fair enforcement of laws and regulations.
24. Strengthen enforcement of anti-corruption laws.
25. Consider using the policy dialogues of ECOSOC for sustainable development impact analysis involving all relevant policy makers, and/or a Working Group on International Governance for Sustainable Development.
26. Restructure the current institutional arrangements governing sustainable development to effectively realize the interdependent and mutually reinforcing characteristics of SD.
27. Improve linkages and effective coordination of all agencies involved in the implementation of sustainable development, within and outside the UN system
28. Improve linkages and effective coordination of all agencies involved in the implementation of sustainable development, within and outside the UN system.
29. Enhance the role of regional institutions, such as regional development banks, UN Regional Commissions, and other regional organizations, in response to the growing demand to promote regional sustainability. In this regard, regional programmes and activities should be actively promoted to respond to trans-boundary issues.
30. Develop precise terms of reference for sustainable development governance, institutional structures, and define the scope of responsibilities for the major sustainable development players.
31. Recommend the establishment of a Global Sustainable Development Court, under the auspices of the United Nations, to ensure strong compliance and settlement of disputes related to sustainable development.
32. Guarantee the rights of women and ensure their full participation in enabling sustainable economic, environmental and social development; and achieving gender balance in government institutions by 2005.
33. Create government departments or agencies for youth in all countries by 2005.
34. Promote and support a more balanced form of decentralization of responsibility in which devolution of power and provision of services is accompanied by adequate sharing of resources and authority at all levels
35. Add good governance as the fourth pillar of sustainable development.
36. Strengthen significantly the UNDP’s Capacity 21 programme as a key institutional mechanism for implementing Agenda 21.
37. Promote further strengthening of the institutional arrangements between UN and WTO.
38. Promote further strengthening of UNEP, with due respect to the respective mandates of the multilateral environment agreements"
39. Promote participation of major groups in institutions at all levels.
40. Improve reporting mechanisms and ensure greater accountability and commitment.
41. Use the ECOSOC Forum, or devise another mechanism for providing assessments of sustainable development implementation.